NOW-fertility in conversation with Ian Stones, Director, testhim
Treatment options for male infertility depend on the underlying cause, and many involve lifestyle changes, medical interventions, and assisted reproductive technologies. Here’s an overview:
Medical treatments
- Antioxidant therapy for oxidative stress: Antioxidants like vitamins C and E, selenium, and zinc are commonly used to reduce oxidative stress and improve sperm quality. Dietary supplements and lifestyle changes can minimise oxidative stress. It’s important to note however, that more is not always better as over supplementation can induce reductive stress which is also bad for sperm function.
- Hormone therapy: For hormonal imbalances, hormone replacement therapy or medications to stimulate hormone production can restore normal levels and enhance sperm production. This must however be done under medical supervision as the misuse of hormones can result in permanent infertility.
- Medications for infections or inflammatory conditions: Antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs may treat infections that affect reproductive health and potentially improve sperm quality.
Lifestyle modifications
- Diet and weight management: A nutrient-rich diet (including antioxidant-rich foods like berries, nuts, and leafy greens) and maintaining a healthy weight can improve testosterone levels and sperm quality.
- Exercise and sleep: Regular exercise and sufficient sleep support hormonal balance and reduce oxidative stress, both of which are essential for sperm health.
- Stress reduction: Engaging in stress-reducing activities (like mindfulness practices and yoga) can help mitigate the impact of chronic stress on reproductive health.
Surgical treatments
- Varicocele repair: Surgical repair of a varicocele may help restore normal blood flow to the testicles, which can improve sperm production.
- Correction of blockages: Surgical procedures to remove or bypass obstructions in the reproductive tract allow for normal sperm release.
- Sperm retrieval techniques: In cases of low or absent sperm in the ejaculate, techniques like testicular sperm extraction (TESE) or microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (MICROtese) can retrieve viable sperm for use in assisted reproduction.
Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): IVF involves fertilising the egg and sperm outside the body, then implanting the embryo into the uterus.
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): In ICSI, a single sperm is injected directly into an egg. However, if the underlying cause of sperm DNA fragmentation is not addressed, embryo quality and pregnancy success rates may still be impacted. Consulting a fertility expert to treat the root cause of DNA damage before ART procedures is highly advisable.
The importance of consulting a male fertility specialist
Given the complexity of male infertility factors like DNA fragmentation, varicocele, infection and oxidative stress, seeing a male fertility expert is essential. A specialist can provide a comprehensive evaluation, including advanced diagnostics to pinpoint issues, and recommend the best course of treatment. Identifying and treating the root causes—whether through lifestyle adjustments, medication, or surgery—can significantly improve fertility outcomes.
Emotional support and mental health resources
Male infertility can be emotionally challenging, often affecting self-esteem, relationships, and mental health. Seeking emotional support through counselling, joining support groups, or working with a mental health professional can be incredibly beneficial. Fertility-related stress and mental health challenges are common, and addressing them can be an important part of an overall fertility strategy.
Conclusion
Male infertility is a multifaceted issue, influenced by sperm production, DNA fragmentation, oxidative stress, lifestyle habits, and health conditions. Fortunately, a variety of treatment options are available to address these challenges. By pursuing a comprehensive evaluation and individualised treatment approach, men can improve their fertility and increase the chances of successful conception either naturally or ahead of fertility treatment. The key thing is to get tested early and take the appropriate action before heading into and assisted reproductive techniques.
About testhim
testhim aims to bridge the gap in fertility education and support for men.
Listen to their award-winning podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/testhim
If you would like to speak to NOW-fertility’s expert team about male infertility, please contact us here.
